An extract made of dried fruit and vegetable powders. juice+® was created by a naturopath, Dr. Humbart "Smokey" Santillo. Based on the creator's notion that the nutritional benefits of fresh fruits and vegetables can be obtained by in a capsule of dried extracts, the supplement is touted as an easy way to help you “feel better”, “look better”, “sleep better”, “get tired less easily”, and “shed a few pounds”. A few small-scale studies have shown that supplementation with juice+® may increase serum antioxidants (2) (5) as well as protect lymphocytes in the elderly (4). While it is true that nutritional supplementation is important in maintaining JUICE in many segments of the population, particularly the elderly, none of the scientific studies undertaken have sought to prove that juice+® is more effective or more bioavailable than other supplements. In addition, no studies exist to compare the physiologic effects of supplementation with juice+® and eating whole fresh fruits and vegetables. juice+® is distributed through a multi-tiered marketing scheme with exaggerated value and cost.
ALSO KNOWN AS
JuicePlus, juice
BRAND NAME
juice+®
FOOD SOURCES
Fruits and vegetables.
PURPORTED USES
Cancer prevention
Cardiovascular disease
Weight loss
CONSTITUENTS
Dried fruit and vegetable powders (2) (3) (4)
MECHANISM OF ACTION
Consumption of dietary fruits and vegetables has been shown to reduce the risk of certain forms of cancer and cardiovascular disease. This benefit has been attributed to the increased intake of antioxidants such as beta-carotene and vitamin E. This preventative benefit does not appear to occur with beta-carotene supplementation alone, leading researchers to believe that other protective factors are present in fruits and vegetables that work alone or in combination with antioxidants. (2)
WARNINGS
High doses of antioxidants are not recommended during chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Theoretically, antioxidants can decrease the efficacy of radiation therapy and certain chemotherapy drugs that rely on the generation of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) as mediators of cytotoxicity.
ADVERSE REACTIONS
Some test subjects developed a hive-like rash during treatment. (2)
DRUG INTERACTIONS
Theoretically, antioxidants can decrease the efficacy of radiation therapy and certain chemotherapy drugs that rely on the generation of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) as mediators of cytotoxicity.
LITERATURE SUMMARY AND CRITIQUE
Inserra PF, et al. Immune function in elderly smokers and nonsmokers improves during supplementation with fruit and vegetable extracts. Integr Med 1999;2:3-10.
53 elderly subjects took two juice+® plus capsules in the morning and two in the evening for eighty days. Serum antioxidant levels were measured at baseline, day 40 and completion. Statistically significant increases were reported in lutein/zeaxanthin, alpha and beta carotene, lycopene, alpha-tocopherol, natural killer cell cytotoxicity and interleukin-2. Despite the apparent benefit claimed by the study, the design of this study is inadequate due to the fact that it was not randomized, blinded or placebo controlled.
Kaats GR, et al. Positive effects of nutritional supplements on body composition biomarkers of aging during a weight loss program. JANA.
This study published in a non-Medline reviewed journal studied 96 plus, elderly subjects for sixty days. Subjects were divided into an experimental group which consumed a variety of juice+® products and a control group which consumed a placebo. Subjects in both groups were provided with a behavior modification plan including instructions for living at their specific goal weight, and tools to calculate daily caloric and fat intake. At the end of the trial, the difference in scale weight loss was insignificant; however the experimental group had a statistically significant improvement in overall body composition. While juice+® may be useful in maintaining plus body composition during weight loss; these particular results are not compelling since no details of randomization or blinding are given. Further study is necessary.
REFERENCES
(1) NSA International, Inc. http://www.juiceplus.com/ [Accessed March, 2003]
(2) Inserra PF, et al. Immune function in elderly smokers and nonsmokers improves during supplementation with fruit and vegetable extracts. Integr Med 1999;2:3-10.
(3) Kaats GR, et al. Positive effects of nutritional supplements on body composition biomarkers of aging during a weight loss program. JANA.
(4) Smith MJ, et al. Supplementation with fruit and vegetable extracts may decrease DNA damage in the peripheral lymphocytes on an elderly population. Nutr Res 1999;19:1507-18.
(5) Samman S, Sivarajah G, Man JC, Ahmad ZI, Petocz P, Caterson ID. A mixed fruit and vegetable concentrate increases plasma antioxidant vitamins and folate and lowers plasma homocysteine in men. J Nutr 2003;133:2188-93.
ALSO KNOWN AS
JuicePlus, juice
BRAND NAME
juice+®
FOOD SOURCES
Fruits and vegetables.
PURPORTED USES
Cancer prevention
Cardiovascular disease
Weight loss
CONSTITUENTS
Dried fruit and vegetable powders (2) (3) (4)
MECHANISM OF ACTION
Consumption of dietary fruits and vegetables has been shown to reduce the risk of certain forms of cancer and cardiovascular disease. This benefit has been attributed to the increased intake of antioxidants such as beta-carotene and vitamin E. This preventative benefit does not appear to occur with beta-carotene supplementation alone, leading researchers to believe that other protective factors are present in fruits and vegetables that work alone or in combination with antioxidants. (2)
WARNINGS
High doses of antioxidants are not recommended during chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Theoretically, antioxidants can decrease the efficacy of radiation therapy and certain chemotherapy drugs that rely on the generation of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) as mediators of cytotoxicity.
ADVERSE REACTIONS
Some test subjects developed a hive-like rash during treatment. (2)
DRUG INTERACTIONS
Theoretically, antioxidants can decrease the efficacy of radiation therapy and certain chemotherapy drugs that rely on the generation of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) as mediators of cytotoxicity.
LITERATURE SUMMARY AND CRITIQUE
Inserra PF, et al. Immune function in elderly smokers and nonsmokers improves during supplementation with fruit and vegetable extracts. Integr Med 1999;2:3-10.
53 elderly subjects took two juice+® plus capsules in the morning and two in the evening for eighty days. Serum antioxidant levels were measured at baseline, day 40 and completion. Statistically significant increases were reported in lutein/zeaxanthin, alpha and beta carotene, lycopene, alpha-tocopherol, natural killer cell cytotoxicity and interleukin-2. Despite the apparent benefit claimed by the study, the design of this study is inadequate due to the fact that it was not randomized, blinded or placebo controlled.
Kaats GR, et al. Positive effects of nutritional supplements on body composition biomarkers of aging during a weight loss program. JANA.
This study published in a non-Medline reviewed journal studied 96 plus, elderly subjects for sixty days. Subjects were divided into an experimental group which consumed a variety of juice+® products and a control group which consumed a placebo. Subjects in both groups were provided with a behavior modification plan including instructions for living at their specific goal weight, and tools to calculate daily caloric and fat intake. At the end of the trial, the difference in scale weight loss was insignificant; however the experimental group had a statistically significant improvement in overall body composition. While juice+® may be useful in maintaining plus body composition during weight loss; these particular results are not compelling since no details of randomization or blinding are given. Further study is necessary.
REFERENCES
(1) NSA International, Inc. http://www.juiceplus.com/ [Accessed March, 2003]
(2) Inserra PF, et al. Immune function in elderly smokers and nonsmokers improves during supplementation with fruit and vegetable extracts. Integr Med 1999;2:3-10.
(3) Kaats GR, et al. Positive effects of nutritional supplements on body composition biomarkers of aging during a weight loss program. JANA.
(4) Smith MJ, et al. Supplementation with fruit and vegetable extracts may decrease DNA damage in the peripheral lymphocytes on an elderly population. Nutr Res 1999;19:1507-18.
(5) Samman S, Sivarajah G, Man JC, Ahmad ZI, Petocz P, Caterson ID. A mixed fruit and vegetable concentrate increases plasma antioxidant vitamins and folate and lowers plasma homocysteine in men. J Nutr 2003;133:2188-93.
Juice plus
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